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Psychiatric rehabilitation, also known as psychosocial rehabilitation, and usually simplified to rehab or rehabilitation is the process of restoration of community functioning and well being of an individual who has a psychiatric disability (been diagnosed with a mental disorder). Rehabilitation work undertaken by psychiatrists, social workers and other mental health professionals (psychologists and social workers, for example) seeks to effect changes in a person’s environment and in a person’s ability to deal with their environment, so as to facilitate improvement in symptoms or personal distress.

These services often “combine pharmacological treatment, independent living and social skills training, psychological support to clients and their families, housing, vocational rehabilitation, social support and network enhancement, and access to leisure activities.” There is often a focus on challenging stigma and prejudice to enable social inclusion, on working collaboratively in order to empower clients, and sometimes on a goal of full psychosocial recovery.

Psychosocial Rehabilitation can be described as consisting of eight main areas of work: Psychiatric (symptom management); Social (relationships, family, boundaries, communications & community integration); Vocational and or Educational (coping skills, motivation); Basic Living Skills (hygiene, meals, safety, planning, chores); Financial (budgets); Community and or Legal (resources); Health and or Medical (maintain consistency of care); and Housing (safe environments).

The Board of Directors of the United States Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association USPRA approved and adopted the following standard definition of psychiatric rehabilitation: Psychiatric rehabilitation promotes recovery, full community integration and improved quality of life for persons who have been diagnosed with any mental health condition that seriously impairs their ability to lead meaningful lives.

Psychiatric rehabilitation services are collaborative, person directed and individualized. These services are an essential element of the health care and human services spectrum, and should be evidence-based. They focus on helping individuals develop skills and access resources needed to increase their capacity to be successful and satisfied in the living, working, learning, and social environments of their choice.

From the 1960s and 1970s, to de-institutionalize meant that many more individuals with mental health problems were able to live in their communities rather than being confined to mental institutions. Medication and psychotherapy were the two major treatment approaches, with little attention given to supporting and facilitating daily functioning and social interaction. Therapeutic interventions often had little impact on daily living, socialization and work opportunities. There were often barriers to social inclusion in the form of stigma and prejudice. Psychiatric rehabilitation work emerged with the aim of helping the community integration and independence of individuals with mental health problems. Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Psychosocial Rehabilitation became used interchangeably, as terms for the same practice.

These approaches may merge with or conflict with approaches based in the Consumer/Survivor Movement. Although current literature in the United States uses the names psychosocial rehabilitation and psychiatric rehabilitation interchangeably, around 2005 the professional organization IAPSRS (International Association of Psychosocial Rehabilitation Services) changed its name to USPRA (United States Psychiatric Rehabilitation Association) and the trend is toward the title of Psychiatric Rehabilitation.

Psychiatric rehabilitation services may include: workplace accommodations, supported employment or education, social firms, assertive community (or outreach) teams assisting with social service agencies, medication management, housing, employment, family issues, coping skills and activities of daily living and socializing.

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Few minutes of happy thoughts and after a second a move towards the dark and deep depression cave. Is this one of the emotional mood swings u feel?? Depression is common during pregnancy-between 14 percent and 23 percent of pregnant women will experience depressive symptoms while pregnant.

In 2003, approximately 13 percent of women took an antidepressant at some time during their pregnancy. One of the lead authors from Yale University said “Depression in pregnant women often goes unrecognized and untreated in part because of concerns about the safety of treating women during pregnancy.”

Both depression symptoms and the use of antidepressant medications during pregnancy have been associated with negative consequences for the newborn. Compared to those kids born to mothers without depression, infants born to women with depression have increased risk for irritability, less activity and attentiveness, and fewer facial expressions.

Some studies have linked fetal malformations, cardiac defects, pulmonary hypertension, and reduced birth weight to antidepressant use during pregnancy. Depression and its symptoms are also associated with fetal growth change and shorter gestation periods.

Identifying depression in pregnant women can be difficult because its symptoms mimic those associated with pregnancy, such as changes in mood, energy level, appetite, and cognition. Depressed women are more likely to have poor prenatal care and pregnancy complications, such as nausea, vomiting, and preeclampsia, and to use drugs, alcohol, and nicotine.

Two main hormones, estrogen and progesterone cause mood swings during pregnancy. Emotions are always unstable and feeling of depression is normal as any other body changes during pregnancy. She may move from great joy to deep despair within fraction of time. A pregnant woman may feel tearful with little cause or no cause at all. She may even find hard to express the reason of joy or despair. This is no psychological problem but; a clear picture of hormonal changes.

Mood Swings are most common during the first trimester that is between 6 weeks to 10 weeks of pregnancy. However the fluctuation resides during the second trimester. This is the period when she first feels the baby move. The feeling is great so is her emotions.

The third trimester is the most anxious one. This is the period when she worries about everything and anything that she can think of. However her major cause of anxiety lies not just on the labour and delivery process but also in baby care and parenting in general. She will feel physically uncomfortable with the growth of the abdomen and will feel irritated with the lightest noise as she lacks sleep in general. It may be more extreme if she is single without a partner. The hard-core fact of being a single mother can make her feel stressed and isolated. Pregnancy is the important period of any women’s life. It is during this time she is very vulnerable both, physically and mentally. One should try help a pregnant women. Believe me, even if she doesn’t ask for help, she indeed is in need of it.

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